Ungasarudza Sei Nhare Isingaputike Nemhepo Yakakodzera Yenzvimbo Dzine Ngozi Dzemaindasitiri?

Nhare isingaputike mudziyo wekutaurirana wakasimba wakagadzirwa kuti ushande zvakachengeteka munzvimbo dzine magasi anobvira moto, utsi, mhute, kana guruva rinobvira. Kusiyana nenhare dzemaindasitiri, nhare dzisingaputike dzinodzivirira chero pfari yemukati kana sosi yekupisa kuti isabatidze mhepo ine njodzi yakapoteredza. Kurongwa uku kunotongwa nemiyero yepasi rose inosanganisira ATEX (EU Directive 2014/34/EU), IECEx, uye NEC Article 500 muNorth America installations.

Musika wepasi rose wekutaurirana kwemaindasitiri usingaputike waikosha pamadhora mabhiriyoni matatu nehafu ($3.8 bhiriyoni) muna 2023 uye unotarisirwa kusvika mabhiriyoni mashanu nemazana manomwe ($5.7 bhiriyoni) panosvika gore ra2030, zvichikonzerwa nekusimbaradza mitemo yekuchengetedza mabasa uye kuwedzera zvivakwa zvesimba muhupfumi huri kusimukira (MarketsandMarkets, 2023). Masangano anoisa mari mumafoni asingaputike anoderedza mutoro wepamutemo uye njodzi dzekushanda, ukuwo achisangana nezvinodiwa neinishuwarenzi yekuvhara nzvimbo dzine njodzi.

Ndezvipi Zvinhu Zvakakosha Kuongorora Pakusarudza Nhare Inodzivirira Kuputika?

Kusarudza foni isingaputike kunoda kufananidza ma parameter chaiwo ehunyanzvi nenjodzi dziripo panzvimbo yekuisa. Zvinhu zvinotevera ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha pakuongorora:

ATEX neIECEx Zone Ratings Zvinosarudza Sei Nhare Yakakodzera Yenzvimbo Yangu?

Kupatsanurwa kweATEX Zone kunotsanangura kuwanda uye nguva yekuvapo kwemhepo inoputika panzvimbo yekuisa. Kusarudza foni ine chiyero chenzvimbo chisina kururama kunokonzera njodzi yekuchengetedzeka (kusadzivirirwa zvakanaka) kana mutoro wemari usingakoshi (kunyanyisa mainjiniya). Hurongwa hwezvikamu zveZone hwakajairwa ndehwekuti:

Kune nzvimbo dzinocheneswa peturu, mapuratifomu ekunze, uye nzvimbo dzinogadzira makemikari dzakarongwa seZone 1 kana Zone 2, Joiwo inopa mhando yezvigadzirwa zvakatsaurirwa zveNhare dzisingaputike dzakanyoreswa neATEX/IECExYakagadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa neEx d IICT6Gb, ichifukidza mapoka emagasi IIA, IIB, uye IIC mumakirasi ekupisa T1 kusvika T6.

Ndeapi IP Rating Anodiwa paNhare dzeMaindasitiri munzvimbo dzekunze uye dzine Guruva?

Chiyero chekudzivirira kupinda kwemhepo (IP) chinotsanangura mwero wekudzivirirwa kubva kuzvinhu zvakasimba uye mvura. Kune maindasitiri ekunze - masuo emugero, nzvimbo dzekuchera migodhi yakavhurika, madheki egungwa - chiyero chidiki cheIP65 ndicho chiyero cheindasitiri. Nhare dzakaongororwa neIP68, dzakadai saJoiwo'sNhare yeindasitiri isingapindi mvura yeIP68 ine LCD display, dzinopa dziviriro yakakwana isingapindi guruva uye dzinodzivirira kunyudzwa kwenguva refu, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kushandiswa munzvimbo dzine mvura inoyerera nesimba kana mafashamo kwenguva pfupi.

Ndezvipi Zvinhu Zvekugara Zvinopa Kugara Kwakanaka Kwazvo Kwenzvimbo Dzemaindasitiri Dzine Kuora Uye Dzine Hukasha Hwakanyanya?

Zvinhu zvemumba zvinosarudza kuramba kubatwa nekanika, ngura yemakemikari, uye kuora kwegalvanic munzvimbo dzemugungwa kana dzekugadzirisa makemikari. Zvinhu zvitatu zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumafoni asingaputike mumaindasitiri ndeizvi:

• Kukanda aruminiyamu chiwanikwa: Simba guru remuchina uye rinobvisa kupisa zvinobudirira; rakanakira nzvimbo dzakarongwa dzeZone 1 neZone 2 uko kuderedza huremu kunoita kuti pave nezvakanakira pakuiswa. Mafoni aJoiwo asingaputike anoshandisa ADC12 alloy, zvichipa IK10 resistance zvichienderana neEN 62262.
• Simbi isina ngura (304/316L): Inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya mumhepo yegungwa ine chloride yakawanda uye nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa makemikari. 316L grade inofarirwa kushandiswa munzvimbo dziri kunze kwenyika nemahombekombe nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwe molybdenum hunodzivirira ngura kubva mugomba.
• Polyester yakasimbiswa nefiber (FRP): Huremu hwakareruka uye hahuna ngura; hunoshandiswa mukushandiswa kusinganyanyi kuoma uko kupatsanurwa kweutsi hwemakemikari pane gasi rinoputika kunoita kuti zvinhu zvisarudzwe.

Pakushandisa petrochemical uye offshore,Nhepfenyuro dzefoni dzepakombiyuta dzeVoIP dzesimbi isina ngura dzaJoiwoinopa musanganiswa wekusagona kushandisa makemikari uye rutsigiro rweprotocol yeSIP/VoIP runodiwa kuti ubatanidzwe nemanetiweki emazuva ano ekugadzirisa otomatiki.

Ndezvipi Zvishandiso Zvikuru zveMaindasitiri zveNhare Dzinodzivirira Kuputika?

Nhare dzisingaputike dzinoshanda nemakambani mashanu makuru, imwe neimwe ine ma profiles akasiyana enjodzi uye zvinodiwa pakutaurirana:

1. Kugadziriswa kwePetrokemikari neOiri neGasi: Nzvimbo dzine gasi rinoputika (Zone 0/1/2), mhepo ine ngura, uye ruzha rwakanyanya (runowanzo pfuura 85 dB). Ruzivo rwefoni runofanira kusanganisira dziviriro yeEx d kana Ex ia, maikorofoni anodzima ruzha, uye chitupa cheATEX/IECEx.
2. Migodhi yePasi pevhu: Njodzi dzekuputika kweguruva reMethane (CH₄) uye guruva remarasha; tembiricha dzinotangira pa -20°C kusvika +50°C pasi pevhu. Joiwo inopanhare dzekuchera migodhi dzine mativi maviriyakagadzirirwa mamiriro ekunze emugodhi wemarasha ane methane.
3. Migwagwa neNjanji: Ruzha rwakanyanya rwekumashure, nzvimbo dzinonzwika dzakavharirwa, uye zvinodiwa zvekufona nekukurumidza zvinoenderana neEN 50545-1. Nhare dzemumugwagwa dzinofanirwa kubatanidzwa neSCADA kana masisitimu ekutumira zvinhu pakati nepakati kuburikidza neSIP/VoIP kana analog FXO/FXS protocols. Nhare dzemumugwagwa dzinoshandiswa pakukurumidza dzakagadzirwa zvakananga kuti dzishandiswe mumigwagwa ine IP66 minimum rating uye beacon/horn integration.
4. Mapuratifomu eMarine neOffshore: Kuora kwemvura yemunyu, kufamba kwemidziyo, uye kupatsanurwa kweATEX Zone 1 kana Zone 2. Mafoni eMarine console anofanirwa kusangana nemiyero yeIEC 60945 yekuyedza zvakatipoteredza yekupisa munyu, kudedera, uye kupinda kwemvura. Joiwo'smutsetse wechigadzirwa chekutaurirana kwegungwainogadzirisa zvinodiwa izvi zvakabatanidzwa.
5. Nzvimbo dzeKuchengetedzwa muJeri neDzimba dzeVasungwa: Kudzivirira kukuvadzwa (IK10 shoma), kuiswa pamusoro, uye kubatanidzwa nemasisitimu ekutarisira kuchengetedza. Vagadziri veJoiwoNhare dzeintercom dzeVoIP dzisingakuvadzinetambo yesimbi isina ngura uye keypad yakavharirwa kuti igone kushandiswa zvisina kunaka nemaune.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Nhare Inodzivirira Kuputika Kwakakodzera: Hurongwa hweSarudzo Nhanho Nenhanho

Kusarudza foni yakakodzera isingaputike kunotevera ongororo yakarongwa ine matanho mashanu:

Danho 1 — Ongororo yeNzvimbo yeNjodzi
Bata nyanzvi yezvekushandisa yeATEX/IECEx kana mushandi wekuchengetedza wepanzvimbo yako kuti aise nzvimbo yekuisa zvinoenderana neEN 60079-10-1 (gasi) uye EN 60079-10-2 (guruva). Nyora pasi kupatsanurwa kweZone, boka regasi/guruva, uye kirasi yekupisa usati waongorora chero chigadzirwa chefoni.

Danho rechipiri — Simbisa Chitupa uye Magwaro
Simbisa kuti foni ine chitupa cheATEX/IECEx chinoshanda kubva kusangano rakaziviswa. Kumbira nhamba yechitupa wochitarisa uchienzanisa nedhatabhesi reNANDO reEU kana raibhurari yezvitupa zveIECEx. Iva nechokwadi chekuti chitupa ichi chinosanganisira Zone yako chaiyo, gasi, uye kirasi yetembiricha — chitupa chinoshanda kuZone 2 hachifanirwe kufukidza nzvimbo dzeZone 1.

Danho rechitatu — Enzanisa Zvinodiwa Nezvakatipoteredza Nemamiriro Enzvimbo
Ongorora chiyero cheIP chefoni, chiyero cheIK, chiyero chekupisa kwekushanda, uye kuramba ngura panzvimbo yacho. Kune vanoisa kunze munzvimbo dzepasi, simbisa kuti chiyero chekupisa kwekushanda chinoenderana nekushanduka kwemwaka wese (semuenzaniso, -40°C kusvika +70°C kune mafoni akajairika emumaindasitiri aJoiwo).

Danho rechina — Sarudza Nzira Yakakodzera Yekutaurirana
Nhare dzeAnalog (PSTN) dzinotora simba kubva panharembozha uye dzinoshanda dzakazvimiririra kubva pahurongwa hwenetwork, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kushandiswa pahurongwa hwekare uye mafoni ari nyore emergency. Nhare dzeVoIP/SIP dzinoshanda pamwe chete nehurongwa hwemazuva ano hwekutumira ma IP asi dzinoda simba pamusoro peEthernet (PoE). Kune zvivakwa zvinoshanduka kubva paanalog kuenda kuIP, Joiwo inopa nzira yakazara yekutumira ma IP.Rudzi rwemafoni eindasitiri yeVoIPinotsigira SIP RFC 3261 uye PoE 802.3af.

Danho rechishanu — Ronga Kuisa uye Kuwana Kugadzirisa
Taura kukwirira kwekugadzika (kazhinji 1.2–1.5m pakati penzira dzekusvikika), nzira yekupinda netambo (G3/4″ conduit entrys ndiyo standard yeindasitiri), uye marongero epasi zvichienderana neIEC 62305. Ronga kuongororwa kwegore negore kwezvitupa zvinoenderana neATEX Directive 2014/34/EU Article 13 kuti chitupa chirambe chakasimba.

Ndeapi Maitiro Ekuisa Nekugadzirisa Anovimbisa Kuvimbika Kwenguva Refu?

Kuisa zvakanaka kunokanganisa mashandiro efoni dzisingaputike uye kugara kwenguva refu dziri kushanda. Nzira nhatu hadzigone kukurukurwa:

• Kuvhara mugero: Zvese zvinopinda mutambo zvinofanirwa kushandisa mabhokisi ekumisa eEx d akasimbiswa kana magland akavharwa kuti arambe akachengeteka. Kuvhara zvisina kunaka ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekusashanda kwezvitupa munzvimbo dzekuisa zvinhu mumunda.
• Maitiro ekuongorora nguva nenguva: Midziyo ine chitupa cheATEX inoda kuongororwa kwemaziso kwegore negore, kuongororwa kwebasa, uye kuongororwa kwezvitupa. Chengetedza zvinyorwa zvekuongorora sehumbowo hwekuongorora kwakakodzera kwekuongorora kwemitemo.
• Kutsvaga zvikamu zvespare: Sarudza mugadziri ane zvikamu zvemakiyi zvakagadzirwa nega (keypad, cradle, handset) kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvepakare zvinowanika kwenguva refu. Joiwo inogadzira zvinopfuura 90% zvezvinhu zvefoni zviri mukati, zvichitsigira kukurumidza kutsiva nekugadzirisa zvinhu zvevatengi veOEM.

Pakukumbira kutaurirana nevanhu panguva yekukurumidzira, Joiwo'sfonera yekukurumidzira otomatikiinopa otomatiki nhamba yekufona kana foni yasimudzwa, zvichiita kuti pave nekubatana ipapo ipapo nekamuri rekudzora riri pedyo pasina kuda kuti mushandi aite chimwe chinhu.

Ndeapi Mafambiro Ari Kumuka Ari Kuumba Remangwana Rekukurukurirana Kwenzvimbo Dzine Ngozi Mumaindasitiri?

Bazi rezvekutaurirana kwemaindasitiri riri kuchinja zvakanyanya tekinoroji. Masisitimu efoni ekare eanalog ari kutsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nemasetiweki eIP akavakirwa paSIP, zvichigonesa manejimendi ari pakati, kuongororwa kwedata kuri kure, uye kubatanidzwa nemasisitimu eintercom evhidhiyo uye masystem ekutaura neruzhinji. Mafambiro akati wandei ari kuunza shanduko iyi:

Kubatanidzwa kweNetwork Yakavanzika ye5G: Migodhi yepasi pevhu nemakambani makuru ekugadzira zvinhu ari kuisa network dze5G dzakavanzika kuti dzitsigire mafoni ekukurumidza e-bandwidth uye maapplication ekutarisa panguva chaiyo anopfuura kugona kwemaseti ezwi echinyakare. Nhare dzisingaputike dzine ma interfaces anoenderana ne5G dziri kutanga kuonekwa munzvimbo dzekuchera pasi pevhu muAustralia neNorthern Europe.

Kuonekwa kweAcoustic Anomaly Inoshandiswa neAI: Mafoni emhando yepamusoro eindasitiri ikozvino anoshandisa DSP-based acoustic monitoring iyo inoona zviratidzo zvezvikanganiso zvemuchina (maitiro ekutadza kwebearing, kubuda kwevharuvhu, ruzha rusina kujairika rwepombi) zvisati zvawedzera kuva zviitiko zvekuchengetedza. Izvi zvinoshandura foni kubva pakushandisa reactive communication kuita proactive condition-monitoring asset.

Kuunganidzwa kweKutumira Kwakavakirwa Pagore: Nzvimbo dzakapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana — nzvimbo dzemavharuvhu emapaipi, mapuratifomu ari kure emvura, nzvimbo dzemagetsi ezuva — zvino dzinogona kuunganidza mafoni ekukurumidzira kuburikidza nemapuratifomu ekutumira akavakirwa pamakore anobatanidza data rezwi, vhidhiyo, uye sensor alarm mumadhibhodhi ekutonga zviitiko akabatana.

Joiwo'sZvigadzirwa zve IP PBX uye intercom systeminopa mhinduro dzekutumira makiyi dzinobatanidza mafoni asingaputike nekutarisa kwevhidhiyo, kero yeruzhinji, uye masisitimu ealarm eSCADA papuratifomu imwe chete yenetiweki, zvichigadzirisa zvese zvinodiwa pari zvino uye zvinodiwa zvekukura mune ramangwana.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa Nezvemafoni Asingaputike

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peATEX Zone 1 neZone 2 pamafoni emumaindasitiri?

Zone 1 inoreva nzvimbo dzine mhepo inoputika inogona kuitika kana zvinhu zvakajairika zvichishanda, zvichida michina isingatsvedzeri moto (Ex d) kana kuti isina njodzi (Ex ia). Zone 2 inoreva nzvimbo dzine mhepo inoputika isingatsvedzeri kana zvinhu zvakajairika uye inogona kuitika kwenguva pfupi, ichigamuchira michina isingatsvedzeri moto. Runhare rwakanyoreswa rweZone 2 haruna kukodzera kuiswa muZone 1. Kunzwisisa kupatsanurwa kwenzvimbo yako yemhepo inoputika ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekutanga usati wasarudza chero foni isingatsvedzeri moto.

Nhare dzisingaputike dzinogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekunze dzegungwa here?

Ehe, asi foni inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zveATEX/IECEx gas zone pamwe nezvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza zvemunzvimbo yemvura, kusanganisira IP66 minimum rating, 316L stainless steel kana imba inodzivirira ngura yakafanana, uye kutevedzera IEC 60945 salt fog testing. Joiwo'smutsetse wechigadzirwa chekutaurirana kwegungwainotarisa zvinodiwa izvi pamwe chete nezvigadzirwa zvakayedzwa zvakananga kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvegungwa.

Kangani kanofanira kuongororwa nharembozha dzine chitupa cheATEX dzisingaputike?

ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU inoda kuti michina yakaiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi iongororwe nguva nenguva. Nzira dzakanakisisa dzeindasitiri dzinokurudzira kuti pave nekuongororwa kwekuona uye kushanda kwegore negore, pamwe nekugadziriswazve kwakazara makore ese 3-5 zvichienderana nekuoma kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvinodiwa nemitemo yemunharaunda. Zvinyorwa zvekuongorora zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa uye kuwanikwa kuti zviongororwe nemutemo. Kukundikana kuita uye kunyora ongororo dzenguva nenguva kunogona kukonzera kusashanda kwezvitupa uye mipata yeinishuwarenzi.

Runhare rusingaputike mumaindasitiri runogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Nguva yekushanda kwefoni inodzivirira kuputika zvakanaka inowanzova makore 10-15, zvichienderana nekuoma kwenzvimbo. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa hupenyu hurefu zvinosanganisira kuratidzwa kweUV (yekuisa kunze), ngura yemakemikari (munzvimbo dzemafuta), uye kusakara kwetambo yefoni nekiyibhodhi. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa naJoiwo zvakagadzirwa kuti zvigone kutsiviwa nemagetsi kuti zviwedzere hupenyu hwese hwebasa resystem, uye zvinopfuura 90% yezvinhu zvikuru zvinogadzirwa mufekitori yaJoiwo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhando uye kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvezvimwe zvinhu kwakafanana.