Nhare Dzinodzivirira Kuputika Kana Dzichienzaniswa Nenhare Dzemaindasitiri: Musiyano Chii?

Nhanganyaya

Nhare dzemaindasitiri dzingataridzika zvakafanana kunze, asi basa radzo rekuchengetedza rinochinja zvikuru munzvimbo dzine njodzi. Munzvimbo dzine gasi rinobvira, utsi, kana guruva rinobvira, nhare yeindasitiri inogona kuisa njodzi yekubatidza kuburikidza nekushanda kwemagetsi kwakajairika, nepo nhare isingaputike yakagadzirwa kuti ichengetedze njodzi iyoyo uye ienderane nezvinodiwa munzvimbo dzine njodzi. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura mutsauko weinjiniya nesitifiketi pakati pezviviri izvi, apo mhando yega yega yakakodzera, uye kuti sarudzo chaiyo inokanganisa sei kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi, kutevedzera mitemo, kuronga kuchengetedza, uye nguva inodhura yekuzorora. Nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinova nyore kutonga kana nzvimbo ichida michina yekutaurirana yakasimba kana sisitimu inorwisa kuputika yakavakwa nechinangwa.

Nei Nhare Dzinodzivirira Kuputika Dzichikosha?

Munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri umo magasi anoputika, utsi, kana guruva rinobvira, zvivakwa zvekutaurirana zvinounza njodzi huru: njodzi yekubatidzwa kwemagetsi. Nhare dzisingaputike dzakagadzirirwa kuderedza njodzi iyi, zvichiita kuti network dzekutaurirana dzive dzinokonzera njodzi huru dzemaindasitiri. Kusiyana nedzakasimba kana dzakasimba.zvishandiso zvinodzivirira mamiriro ekunze, mayuniti aya akagadzirwa kuti adzivirire kuputika kwemukati uye kudzivirira kuti asapararire mumhepo ine njodzi yakapoteredza.

Njodzi dzekutaurirana uye kusangana nenguva yekusashanda

Njodzi huru yekushanda munzvimbo dzine njodzi inobva kumagetsi nemarasha anokonzerwa nekushanda kwefoni, zvakaita sekushandisa nharembozha, kusimudza nharembozha (hook switch), kana kutaurirana kwekeypad. Munzvimbo dzine huwandu hwezvinhu zvinobvira moto hunopfuura Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)—inowanzo tariswa pamiganho iri pamusoro pe10% LEL—mudziyo wekutaurirana unogona kupa simba rakakwana remarasha kuti ubate moto. Kunze kwekutyisidzirwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwevashandi, kukanganiswa kwemari kwemidziyo kwakaoma. Munzvimbo dzekuchera petrochemical nekunze kwenyika, nguva isina kurongwa yekumira inokonzerwa nekukundikana kwekutaurirana kana kuvharwa kwekuchengetedza inogona kukonzera mari inotangira pamadhora zviuru makumi maviri kusvika pamusoro pemadhora zviuru zana paawa.

Kwavanofanira kutenderwa kutengeserana

Kuiswa kwenhare dzisingaputike kwakakodzera kutengeserana munzvimbo dzine mukana wekuti mhepo inoputika iite zvinoda kutevedzera mitemo yenzvimbo dzine njodzi. Mafekitori, mafekitori ekugadzirisa makemikari, maelevator ezviyo, uyemabasa ekuchera migodhi pasi pevhuZvinomiririra zvikamu zvekutanga zvekugamuchira. Kunyange hazvo mari yekutanga yekushandisa (CapEx) yemudziyo unodzivirira kuputika yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura yemidziyo yakajairwa yeindasitiri, mari yacho inosimbiswa nekuderedza mutoro wenjodzi, kutevedzera zvinodiwa neinishuwarenzi, uye kudzivirira kumira kwekushanda kwenzvimbo dzese kwakarairwa nevanoongorora zvekuchengetedza.

Humbowo hweKuputika vs Nhare dzeMaindasitiri Dzakajairika

Musiyano uripo pakati pekudzivirira kuputika nechiyerorunhare rwemaindasitiris iri mupfungwa dzavo dzekugadzira. Kunyange zvazvo mafoni emazuva ano eindasitiri achinyanya kutarisa pakugara kwenguva refu—anodzivirira kupinda kwemvura, kukanganiswa, uye ngura—mhando dzakasiyana dzemafoni anodzivirira kuputika dzinowedzera chikamu chakakosha chekudzivirira kupisa uye kudzivirira kuputika mukati.

Dhizaini yenzvimbo yakavharirwa uye kudzivirira kupisa

Mafoni emumaindasitiri anowanzo shandisa ma polycarbonate kana masimbi akagadzirwa kuti asvike pamitemo yeNEMA 4X kana IP66. Kusiyana neizvi, mafoni asingaputike ane masimbi anorema akagadzirwa nearuminiyamu isina mhangura, simbi isingatsvedzi, kana kuti Glass-Reinforced Polyester (GRP) ine ukobvu hwemadziro hunowanzo pfuura 15mm. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pakugadzira injinjini "nzira yemurazvo." Kana gasi rinoputika rikapinda mukati megomba uye rikabatidzwa nechikamu chemagetsi chemukati, nzira yemurazvo inoshanda semukana wemakanika wakanyatsojeka. Mukana uyu unomanikidza magasi ari kukura, ari kupisa kuti atonhore pasi pekupisa kwekunze asati abuda mukati megomba.

Maitiro makuru ekushanda

Mashandiro ekushandisa mayuniti asingaputike anofanira kuenzana nekuchengetedzeka kwekushanda munzvimbo dzine ruzha rwakanyanya. Midziyo iyi inowanzova neMean Time Between Failures (MTBF) inodarika maawa 50,000 kuderedza kupindira kwekugadzirisa munzvimbo dzine njodzi. Kushanda kweacoustic kwakakoshawo; mafoni asingaputike anowanzo kuve nemamaikorofoni anodzima ruzha uye ma amplifiers akabatanidzwa anokwanisa kupa mavhoriyamu eringer anotangira pa85 dB kusvika 110 dB, zvichiita kuti inzwike pamusoro pemichina inorema. Kushivirira tembiricha yekushanda kwakafara zvikuru, kazhinji kunoonekwa kubva pa -40°C kusvika +70°C, nepo mafoni eindasitiri akajairwa asingawanzo shanda zvakavimbika kupfuura -20°C kusvika +55°C.

Pfungwa dzekuenzanisa padivi nepadivi

Kuti tinyatsoratidza musiyano weinjiniya, matrix inotevera inoenzanisa hunhu hukuru hwezvishandiso zvekutaurirana zvemaindasitiri zvakafanana nezvinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvisingaputike.

Zvinodiwa pakutevedzera mitemo uye zvitupa

Kutenga michina yenzvimbo dzine njodzi kunotongwa nemutemo wakasimba. Nhare isingaputike inongozivikanwa chete kana iine zvitupa zvakakodzera zvakabvumidzwa nema laboratori ekuongorora echitatu. Kuzvipa chitupa hakubvumirwi pamutemo kune michina iri munzvimbo dzine njodzi huru.

ATEX, IECEx, NEC, UL, uye zviyero zvedunhu

Maitiro emutemo wepasi rose anotonga mwero chaiwo wezvitupa zvichienderana nenzvimbo nenzvimbo uye rudzi rwechigadzirwa. MuEurope nepasi rose, mwero weATEX neIECEx unoshanda, uchiisa nharaunda muzvikamu. Chitupa cheZone 1 chinoratidza kuti mudziyo wacho wakachengeteka kunzvimbo dzine mhepo inoputika inogona kuitika mukushanda kwakajairika (inowanzovapo pakati pemaawa gumi kusvika chiuru pagore). MuNorth America, National Electrical Code (NEC) neUnderwriters Laboratories (UL) vanoshandisa Class/Division system, uko Class I, Division 1 inomiririra nharaunda ine njodzi huru. Mwero wehunyanzvi uripo, wakadai seIEC 60079 series, unodzora maparamita chaiwo ekuyedza enzvimbo dzisingatsvi (Ex d) uye nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzemukati (Ex i).

Vatengi vanofanira kuongorora magwaro

Nyanzvi dzekutenga zvinhu nemainjiniya venzvimbo vanofanirwa kunyatsoongorora magwaro echitupa vasati vaisa. Magwaro akakosha anosanganisira Declaration of Conformity (DoC) uye chitupa chepamutemo chinopihwa neNotified Body (senge TÜV, PTB, kana UL). Vatengi vanofanira kutarisa "Ex marking" chaiyo iri pazita remuchina (semuenzaniso, Ex db eb IIC T6 Gb) nefaira rekupatsanura nzvimbo ine njodzi yenzvimbo iyi. "T-Class" (Temperature Class) yakakosha zvikuru; chiyero cheT6 chinovimbisa kuti tembiricha yekunze yefoni haizombopfuuri 85°C, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti haigone kubatidza magasi ane tembiricha yakaderera yekuzvibatidza, senge carbon disulfide.

Kuisa, Mari Yehupenyu Hwako, uye Kugadzirisa

Mutengo Wese Wekuva Muridzi (TCO) wekutaurirana kwenhare kunodzivirira kuputika unopfuura mutengo wekutanga wekutenga. Tsanangudzo, maitiro ekuisa akasarudzika, uye hurongwa hwakasimba hwekugadzirisa zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya hupfumi hwesystem.

Maitiro ekusarudza foni chaiyo

Kusarudza mudziyo wakakodzera kunoda kuti tekinoroji ienderane nehurongwa hwe network hwakakura hwenzvimbo iyi. Vatengi vanofanira kusarudza pakati pema system ekare e analog, anowanzo da waya dzemhangura dzakatsaurirwa, uye emazuva ano.Nhare dzeVoIP/SIPMamodheru eVoIP anoshandisa manetwork eEthernet aripo uye anowanzo shandisa Power over Ethernet (PoE), zvichideredza kudiwa kwemaconduit emagetsi akasiyana. Kunyange zvazvo mafoni eindasitiri akajairwa achiwanzodhura pakati pemadhora mazana matatu nemakumi masere ($300) nemadhora mazana masere ($800), mamodheru asingabvumidzwe kuputika anotangira pamadhora zana nemakumi mashanu ($1,500) kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvitatu ($3,500) payuniti imwe neimwe zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakavharirwa uye protocol (Analog vs. VoIP). Uyezve, maspecifiers anofanira kuona kana ma assistant peripherals, akadai sema acoustic hoods asingabvumidzwe kuputika kana ma external strobe beacons, achidikanwa kuti asangane ne15-decibel signal-to-noise ratio inodiwa nemitemo yekuchengetedza mabasa.

Zvaunofanira kufunga nezvekuisa nekugadzirisa

Kuiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi kunodzorwa nemitemo yakasimba isingagone kudziviswa. Zvese zvinopinda mutambo zvinofanirwa kushandisa ma "cable glands" akasimbiswa anodzivirira moto, ayo akavharwa nemakemikari akakosha kudzivirira kufamba kwegasi kuburikidza ne "wiring conduits". "Gland" rimwe chete risina kuvharwa zvakanaka rinobvisa chitupa chemudziyo wese. Kana yaiswa, kugadziriswa kunorayirwa nemitemo yakaita seIEC 60079-17, iyo inorayira kuti paitwe ongororo dzenguva nenguva. Kuongorora kwemaziso kunowanzo dikanwa mwedzi wega wega we6 kusvika ku12, nepo kuongororwa kwakazara kwenzira dzemoto uye kuvimbika kwenzvimbo yacho kunofanirwa kuitwa kanenge mwedzi wega wega we36 nevashandi vane chitupa. Kukundikana kuchengetedza zvinyorwa izvi kunogona kukonzera kurangwa kwakasimba kwemutemo.

Masarudzo Anofanira Kuitwa Nevatengi

Kusarudza michina yakakodzera yekutaurirana kunoda kuongororwa kwakanyatsojeka kwenjodzi chaiyo yenzvimbo kana tichienzanisa nemari inoshandiswa. Kuisa michina zvakanyanya kunotungamira mukurasikirwa kwemari kusingakoshi, ukuwo kusaisa pachena kunokonzeresa matambudziko makuru emutemo nekuchengetedzwa.

Kana foni yemazuva ano yeindasitiri yakakwana

Nhare yeindasitiri yakajairikaZvakakwana zvachose kune "Nzvimbo Dzakachengeteka" dzakasarudzwa mukati menzvimbo dzemaindasitiri. Izvi zvinosanganisira makamuri ekudzora ari pakati, mahofisi ehutungamiriri, nzvimbo dzekuzorora kwevashandi, uye pasi pekugadzira apo mukana wekuunganidzwa kwegasi rinoputika kana guruva uri 0% LEL chete. Nhare dzakajairwa dzakasimba dzinopa dziviriro inodiwa kubva pakunyorova kwakanyanya, kusukwa kwemakemikari, uye kukuvara kwemuviri pasina mutengo wakanyanya unokonzerwa nekudzivirira kuputika. Kana ongororo yenjodzi yenzvimbo ikaona nzvimbo seisina kurongwa, kuisa mudziyo weEx-rated hakuna zvakunobatsira.

Maitiro ekupedzisira ekusarudza

Pakupedzisa hurongwa hwekutenga, vatengi vanofanira kushandisa matrix yesarudzo yakarongeka kuti vaongorore zvinodiwa zvenzvimbo yega yega yekuisa. Zvinodiwa zvikuru zvinosanganisira kutevedzera mitemo, kuoma kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuenderana kwenetwork.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Mhedzisiro yakakosha uye chikonzero chemafoni ekudzivirira kuputika
• Magadzirirwo, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kuongororwa kwenjodzi zvinofanirwa kuongororwa usati waita chibvumirano
• Matanho anotevera anoshanda uye mazano anogona kushandiswa nevaverengi ipapo ipapo

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndirini pandinofanira kusarudza foni isingaputike panzvimbo pefoni yemuindasitiri?

Shandisa foni isingaputike munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzine gasi rinobvira, utsi, kana guruva, zvakaita senzvimbo dzinocheneswa, mafekitori emakemikari, nzvimbo dzezviyo, uye migodhi. Mafoni emazuva ano emaindasitiri ndeenzvimbo dzisina njodzi chete.

Ndeupi musiyano mukuru wekuchengetedza uripo pakati penhare dzisingaputike nenhare dzemumaindasitiri?

Mafoni asingaputike akavakwa kuti adzivirire mapfumo emukati kana kuputika uye amise kubatidza kunze kwenzvimbo yakavharirwa. Mafoni emazuva ano eindasitiri anonyanya kuchengetedza mvura, guruva, kuputika, uye ngura.

Ndezvipi zvitupa zvandinofanira kutarisa ndisati ndatenga foni isingaputike?

Simbisa kuti foni inoenderana nerudzi rwewebsite yako uye ine mvumo inodiwa yakadai seATEX, pamwe chete neCE, FCC, ROHS, uye ISO9001-backed quality controls. Gara uchitarisa kukodzera kweZone kana Division usati waisa.

Nhare dzisingaputike dzakakodzera here kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekunze dzine ruzha?

Ehe. Mamodheru mazhinji akagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzakaoma dzine dziviriro yeIP66/IP67, maikorofoni anodzima ruzha, uye ma "loud ringers" angangoita 85–110 dB, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kutaurirana kwakajeka pedyo nemichina inorema.

Sei tichifanira kutsvaga nhare dzisingapindi kuputika kubva kuSiniwo?

Siniwo inopa masevhisi ekutaurirana eindasitiri anongoshanda kamwe chete, kubva pakugadzira nekubatanidza kusvika pakuisirwa nekugadzirisa. Kugadzirwa kwayo kwezvikamu zvikuru kunotsigira mhando yakagadzikana, kuendesa kwakavimbika, uye rutsigiro rwemapurojekiti epasi rose.