Zvikanganiso Zvakajairika Pakusarudza Vatauriri Venzeredzi

Nei Kusarudzwa Kwesipika Yekunze Kwenyanga Kuchikosha

Kusarudza sipika yekunze inosanganisira zvinhu zvakaoma zvemanzwi uye zvezvakatipoteredza. Chikanganiso chinowanzoitika muindasitiri ndechekuona zvishandiso izvi semidziyo inoshandiswa muzvinhu zvinotengeswa, zvichikonzera kusanzwisisika zvakanaka, kufukidzwa kusina kukwana, uye kutadza kushanda zvakanaka nguva isati yakwana. Vanobatanidza masisitimu vanofanirwa kuongorora acoustic physics pamwe chete nezvirambidzo zvenzvimbo kuti vadzivise kugadzirisa kunodhura. Kana vatariri vemapurojekiti vachideredza zvinodiwa zvekuparadzirwa kwemanzwi ekunze, vanoisa panjodzi yekuisa masisitimu anokundikana kupinda pasi peruzha rwekunze kana kuora nekukurumidza pasi pekumanikidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuziva hunhu hwakakosha hwesarudzo iyi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuvaka yakasimba uye inonzwisisika.kero yeruzhinjikana zvivakwa zvekuchengetedza hupenyu.

Tsanangura zvinangwa zvepurojekiti uye mashandisirwo ayo

Chikanganiso chekutanga chinowanzova muzvinangwa zvepurojekiti zvisina kunyatsotsanangurwa. Maspika epanze ane mabasa akasiyana-siyana, kubva pakunyora paging yenguva dzose uye mimhanzi yekumashure kusvika kumasisitimu ealarm ezwi ane njodzi. Chishandiso chega chega chinoda maitiro akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, sisitimu ealarm yezwi inofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza hupenyu, senge EN 54-24 kana UL 1480, inoda materminals akasarudzika anodzivirira moto, mafiyuzi ekupisa, uye hunhu hwakasiyana hwekupararira. Kusiyana neizvi,mutauri wepeji yeindasitirizvinogona kukoshesa kuburitsa kwakawanda pane kuburitsa kwakasimba kana kuti kuponesa moto. Kukundikana kutsanangura mashandisirwo aya pakutanga kwepurojekiti kunowanzoita kuti mutauri asina huwandu hunodiwa hwekutaura zvakajeka kana kuti asina zvitupa zvemutemo zvinosungirwa.

Ongorora nzvimbo inosvikika, ruzha, uye daro revateereri

Kuongorora nzvimbo yekufukidza kunoda kuverengwa kwakanyatsojeka kwedaro revateereri uye mazinga eruzha rwenharaunda, asi mainjiniya mazhinji anovimba nefungidziro dzemhando yepamusoro pane data re empirical acoustic. Mutemo we inverse square unoti nhanho yekumanikidzwa kweruzha (SPL) inoderera ne6 dB padanho rega rega rinopetwa kaviri mumunda wakasununguka. Kana sipika yekunze ichiburitsa 110 dB pamita imwe, SPL inoderera kusvika pa86 dB pamamita gumi nematanhatu, uye inodzikira zvakare kusvika pa80 dB pamamita makumi matatu nemaviri. Uyezve, mitemo yekugadzirwa kwe acoustic inorayira kuti odhiyo inoburitswa inofanirwa kupfuura nhanho yeruzha rwenharaunda neinenge 10 kusvika ku15 dB kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kutaura kunzwisisika. Muyadhi yemaindasitiri ine pasi reruzha rwenharaunda ye85 dBA, sipika inofanirwa kupa hushoma hwe95 dBA munzeve yemuteereri. Kusateerera kuverenga uku kunotungamira kune nzvimbo dzisina kufa kana odhiyo yakakanganiswa sezvo ma amplifiers anomanikidzwa kuchekerera kuti agadzirise kuronga kwe acoustic kusina kukwana.

Magadzirirwo Akakosha Ekuenzanisa

Kuenzanisa hunyanzvi hwemagetsi idanho rakakosha apo ongororo dzepamusoro dzinowanzo tungamira mukukundikana kwehurongwa. Mapoka ekutenga anowanzo tadza kuongorora simba remagetsi muma watts, vachienzanisa simba rakawanda neacoustic output yepamusoro. Kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwe electro-acoustic specifications kunodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hardware yakasarudzwa inoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo enzvimbo yekushandisa.

Nzwisisa SPL, kunzwa, simba, uye impedance

Chiyero chakakosha chemutauri wepanze wehorn isensitivity, inoyerwa mumadecibels pa 1 watt uye 1 meter (dB @ 1W/1m). Mutauri wehorn anoshanda zvakanaka ane sensitivity ye 110 dB anoda simba shoma reamplifier kuti asvike pachinangwa cheSPL zvichienzaniswa nemodhi ine sensitivity ye 95 dB. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuverenga SPL yepamusoro nekutarisa sensitivity uye maximum power rating pane kutarisa wattage iri yoga. Pamusoro pezvo, kufananidza impedance kwakakosha. Kunyange hazvo maspika e 8-ohm akakodzera kumhanya kwenguva pfupi, ine simba shoma, nzvimbo huru dzekunze dzinoshandisa 70V kana 100V distributed audio systems kuderedza kudonha kwevoltage pamusoro pehurefu hwetambo hwakakura. Kusarudza transformer tap settings dzisina kunaka kana kusaenzanisa total line impedance kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro zvakanyanya, kukonzera kukanganisa, kana kukuvadza zvakanyanya michina ye amplification.

Ongorora kutungamira, mhinduro yefrequency, uye kunzwisisika kwekutaura

Kunzwisisa kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekutungamira uye mhinduro yemafrequency. Vatauri vehorn vanongotarisa zvakananga; kona yekupararira inogona kunge iri 60 degrees yakatwasuka ne40 degrees yakatwasuka. Kutadza kufunga nezveindekisi iyi yedirectivity (Q) kunoguma nemwenje mitete yeruzha inopotsa vateereri vekunze, zvichigadzira nzvimbo dzinopisa dzeacoustic uye nzvimbo dzisina kusimba. Mhinduro yemafrequency yakakoshawo. Kunyange hazvo horn dzakajairwa dzepaging dzichiwanzo shanda pakati pe300 Hz ne8 kHz—dzakakwana pakutumira inzwi revanhu—hadzina kukwana kune ruzha rwakazara. Horn dzemimhanzi dzinoshandisa maenclosures akakura uye madhizaini emadriver maviri kuti dziwedzere mhinduro kubva pa100 Hz kusvika ku15 kHz. Pakupedzisira, zvinhu izvi zvinoguma neSpeech Transmission Index (STI). STI yakanangwa ye >0.5 inowanzo dikanwa kuti inzwi rinzwike zvakanaka mumasisitimu ekutaura kwevanhu, chiyero chisingawanikwe kana mhinduro yemafrequency emutauri kana kutungamira kwayo kukanganisika nenzvimbo yeacoustic.

Shandisa tafura yekufananidza kuti uenzanise zvinodiwa

Kuti zvinhu izvi zviitwe nenzira yakajairika uye kudzivirira mutauro wekushambadzira wakanangana nemugadziri, vanobatanidza vanofanirwa kushandisa matrix yekuenzanisa yakajairika. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvakaita sekunzwisisa zviyerwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana (semuenzaniso, 1W/1m on-axis) uye kuti maangle ekupararira anotaurwa pafrequency yakafanana, kazhinji 2 kHz.

Kushandisa chimiro ichi kunobvumira vagadziri kuti vakurumidze kuona zvinhu zvisina kujairika, zvakaita semugadziri anoti akapararira zvakanyanya pamwe chete nehunyanzvi hwekukanda zvinhu kwenguva refu, izvo zvinopesana nefizikisi yekutanga yekuparadzira simba remaacoustic.

Zvinodiwa Nezvekuchengetedzwa Kwenharaunda uye Kutevedzera Mutemo

Nzvimbo dzekunze dzinoisa michina yekurira mukupisa kwakanyanya, makemikari, uye kushushikana kwemuviri kwenguva yakareba. Chikanganiso chakajairika ndechekuisa pamberi mashandiro ekurira uku uchiregeredza kusimba kunodiwa kuti urarame nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya. Kusateerera zvinodiwa nenharaunda uye kutevedzera mitemo kunovimbisa kuora nekukurumidza, kuwedzera kwemari yekuchengetedza, uye mhosva dzinogona kuitika dzemutemo.

Tarisa maIP ratings, zvinhu, uye dziviriro yekuora

Kuongororwa kweIngress Protection (IP) ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekudzivirira, asi kazhinji kacho hazvinzwisiswi nevagadziri vemasystem.Chiyero cheIP65Inodzivirira kubva kumajeti emvura ane simba shoma, asi nzvimbo dzinoiswa dzakasangana nemadutu makuru, mvura inodonha zvakananga, kana nzvimbo dzemugungwa dzinoda chitupa cheIP66 kana IP67 chekudzivirira guruva rakazara uye mvura ine simba rakawanda. Unyanzvi hwezvinhu hunoita basa rakakosha zvakaenzana. Mapurasitiki eABS akajairika anoora kana akaonekwa kwenguva refu mu ultraviolet (UV), obva aoma uye akakuvara mukati memakore maviri kusvika matatu. Kuti agare kwenguva refu, nzvimbo dzinovharirwa dzinofanira kushandisa UV-stabilized polycarbonate, fiberglass-reinforced plastiki (FRP), kana aluminium yakaputirwa nehupfu. Munzvimbo dzemahombekombe kana dzemaindasitiri akakura, dziviriro yengura inonyanya kukosha; mabhureki ekuisa nemidziyo zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa kubva ku316L marine-grade stainless steel, inokwanisa kupfuura ASTM B117 salt spray test kwemaawa angangoita mazana mashanu pasina kugadzirwa kwengura tsvuku.

Ronga masisitimu e70V kana 100V uye imba yekumusoro yeamplifier

Kushandisa masisitimu akapararira e70V kana 100V kunoda kuronga kwakasimba kwemagetsi kuti kutariswe nezvekuchinja-chinja kwemamiriro ekunze senge kushanduka kwakanyanya kwekushisa, izvo zvinochinja kuramba kwetambo uye kushanduka kwemutoro. Chikanganiso chikuru mukugadzirwa kwesisitimu ndechekutadza kushandisa amplifier headroom yakakwana yekugadzirisa kushanduka uku uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwema transformer e step-down. Maitiro akanaka eindasitiri anoda kuti pave ne20% headroom margin. Kana circuit ine maspika makumi maviri ekunze anobatidzwa pa30W imwe neimwe, mutoro wese i600W; amplifier inoenderana inofanira kuverengerwa kuti isvike 720W kudzivirira kuchekwa, kukanganiswa, uye kupisa zvakanyanya panguva yekuremerwa kweaudio. Uyezve, kumhanya kwenguva refu kwetambo dzekunze kunounza kurasikirwa kukuru kwekuisa, kunoda waya inorema yegeji - senge 12 AWG kana 14 AWG - kuve nechokwadi chekuti voltage inodiwa inosvika paspika iri kure kwazvo paperimeter.

Ongorora miganhu yeruzha, mitemo yekumisikidza, uye mitemo yekuchengetedza

Kutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza kunopfuura kungorarama kwemutauri chete asi kunosanganisira kupindira kwayo munzwi munzvimbo yakapoteredza. Zvivako zvemaindasitiri zvinofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza mabasa, yakadai seOSHA standard 1910.95, iyo inodzora ruzha rwakanyanya pabasa. Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvinofanirwa kuramba zvichipinda muruzha rwemuchina kuti zvishande. Kusiyana neizvi, mitemo yeruzha yemumaguta inowanzo rambidza kuyerera kwenzwi pamutsetse weimba, kazhinji ichivhara kuburitswa kwemhepo pa60 kusvika 65 dBA masikati uye kunyange kuderera husiku. Kuenzanisa zvinodiwa izvi zvinopesana kunoda maangle chaiwo ekukwidza, kuverenga pasi-kutenderera, uye kuiswa kwemasipika akawanda ane simba rakaderera akapararira zvakaenzana panzvimbo, pane kuvimba nesiren imwe chete, ine simba guru inotyora miganhu yeruzha rwemuganhu.

Kuongororwa kweMutengesi uye Mutengo Wese

Kuongororwa kwemutauri wepanze kunofanirwa kupfuura pepa rehunyanzvi rekugadzira kuti risanganisire kugona kwemutengesi kugadzira uye mutengo wemari yese yekuva muridzi (TCO). Kutarisa chete pamutengo wekutanga weyuniti inzira yekutenga isina kufunga zvakawanda iyo inogara ichikwidza mari yekushanda kwenguva refu kuburikidza nekuchinjana kakawanda uye kusatsigira vatengesi zvakanaka.

Bvunza mibvunzo yekutsvaga ruzivo inoratidza hunhu hwekuvaka

Kuongorora hunhu hwekuvaka kunoda kubvunza mibvunzo yekutsvaga yakanangana neinodarika zvinyorwa zvekushambadzira zvemugadziri. Vatengi vanofanira kubvunza nezvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukubatanidza kwemutyairi wemukati. Semuenzaniso, ma "voice coils" akasungirirwa paKapton kana fiberglass formers anoramba tembiricha yepamusoro yekushanda kupfuura ma "standard aluminium formers", zvichideredza zvakanyanya njodzi yekukundikana kwekupisa kana paine mutoro unoenderera mberi, wakakwira. Saizvozvowo, sarudzo pakati pe "neodymium" ne "ferrite magnets" inokanganisa chiyero chehuremu-ku-kubuda kwemutauri, kuoma kwekuisa, uye kuchengetedza magineti kwenguva refu mukupisa kwakanyanya. Mapoka ekutenga anofanirawo kuda ruzivo rwechokwadi pamusoro pemaprotocol ekuedza ekupedzisira emugadziri uye huwandu hwekare hwekukanganisa; OEM ine mukurumbira inofanira kuratidza chiyero chekukanganisa chinosimbiswa chiri pasi pe0.5% mu "outdoor audio portfolio" yayo, inotsigirwa ne "hard-powered"kudzora mhandomagwaro.

Enzanisa nguva dzekutengesa, zvikamu zvekuchengetedza, kurongedza, uye zvitupa

Rutsigiro rwezvinhu uye rutsigiro rwekuiswa mushure mekuiswa zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya TCO yekushandiswa kwese kukuru. Pakutsvaga huwandu hwakawanda hwemapurojekiti epayunivhesiti kana emakanzuru, vatengi vanofanirwa kuongorora Minimum Order Quantities (MOQ) yemutengesi, iyo inowanzo bva pa50 kusvika ku200 mayuniti ekugadzira akagadzirirwa iwe kana machisi chaiwo emavara. Nguva dzekutungamira dzakakoshawo, sezvo kunonoka kwekutumirwa kwespeaker kunogona kumisa mapurojekiti ese ezvivakwa uye kunonoka kutanga kushanda kwenzvimbo. Uyezve, vatengi vanofanirwa kuona kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvemodular, kunyanya madhiragi edhiraivha anotsiva. Speaker yakagadzirirwa kugadziriswa mumunda inowedzera hupenyu hwechinhu uye inodzivisa kudiwa kwekutsiviwa kweyuniti yakazara. Chekupedzisira, kusimbisa zvitupa zvepasi rose - zvakaita seCE, RoHS, uye UL - kunoita kuti chigadzirwa chiite mirairo yakakosha yekuchengetedza uye yezvakatipoteredza, zvichideredza njodzi dzemutemo uye dzekutevedzera mitemo kune musanganisi wesystem nemushandisi wekupedzisira.

Mafambiro Ekusarudza Anoshanda

Kuti vadzivise matambudziko ekutenga zvinhu zvisina kurongeka, vanobatanidza uye vanopa mazano ekurira kwemanzwi vanofanirwa kushandisa nzira yakarongeka uye yakarongeka yekusarudza matauri ekunze. Maitiro aya anoita kuti zvese zvinochinja manzwi, zvakatipoteredza, uye zvemari zviyerwe zvakanaka, zvichikonzera kuiswa kwezvinhu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda pasina kushandisa mari yakawanda.

Tevedzera nhanho nhanho ongororo yenzvimbo uye maitiro ekutsanangura

Maitiro aya anotanga nekuongorora kwakazara kwenzvimbo, kupfuura mapurani ekutanga epasi kusanganisira data renzvimbo, zvipingamupinyi zvekuvaka, uye mapping yeruzha rwemhepo. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kushandisa software yekuenzanisa acoustic, senge EASE (Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers), kuti vaenzanise mapatani ekupararira kwemaspika akasiyana-siyana ehorn mukati menzvimbo chaiyo ye3D. Maitiro aya nhanho nhanho anosanganisira kuisa macoordinates chaiwo, ma ambition angles, uye data reSPL remaspika anokurudzirwa kuti vagadzire mamepu ekupisa e acoustic coverage. Nekutevedzera nharaunda vasati vatenga, vagadziri vanogona kuona mimvuri ye acoustic iri kumashure kwezvivakwa uye kuona kuti Speech Transmission Index (STI) ya >0.5 inowanikwa munzvimbo dzese dzakatarwa dzevateereri, zvichibvisa zvinofembera kubva mumaitiro ekutsanangura.

Shandisa matrix yesarudzo kuenzanisa sarudzo dzemutauri

Kana mamodheru anogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuenzanisa, matrix yesarudzo ine mwero inopa hurongwa hwakakosha hwekusarudza kwekupedzisira. Chishandiso ichi chinogadzirisa zvinhu zvinokwikwidzana uye chinozvienzanisa nezvinonyanya kukosheswa nepurojekiti, zvichidzivirira kusarura kune imwe specification inoshamisa senge peak wattage kana extended low-frequency response.

Nekupa mamakisi (semuenzaniso, pachikero che1 kusvika ku5) kune modhi yega yega yemutauri zvichienderana nezvinodiwa izvi, zvikwata zvekutenga zvinogona kugadzira chiyero chinoverengerwa chinopa humbowo hwekuti sarudzo yekupedzisira yekutenga ndeyei kune vane chekuita nepurojekiti nevanodzora zvemari.

Sarudza nguva yekuisa mari, kugara kwenguva refu, kana kushanda kwayo pakutanga

Danho rekupedzisira mubasa nderekuona kuti nguva yekubvumirana uye nguva yekukoshesa hunhu hwakakosha zvichienderana nehupenyu hweprojekiti. Mukuisa kwechinguvana kana mapurojekiti ane mari shoma, kuderedza Mari Inoshandiswa (Capex) kungada kusarudza nyanga dzeABS dzakajairwa dzine makore matatu kusvika mashanu ekutsiva. Zvisinei, kune zvivakwa zvakakosha, mafekitori emaindasitiri, kana nzvimbo dzekufambisa, kuisa pamberi kugara kwenguva refu uye kushanda zvakanaka hazvigoneke. Munzvimbo idzi, kuisa mari mumaspika epamusoro-soro, epamusoro-soro ane zviyero zvepamusoro zvekunzwisisa kunoderedza Mari Inoshandiswa (Opex) nekuderedza kutangwa kwekugadzirisa, kugadzirisa nekukurumidza, uye njodzi dzemhosva. Kuziva kuti network yemaspika ekunze inowanzo kuve mari yezvivakwa zvemakore gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu pane chinhu chinoraswa ndiyo dziviriro huru kubva pakukanganisa kwekusarudza kunodhura.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Tsanangura kana spika yehoni iri yekuisa paging yenguva dzose, odhiyo yekumashure, kana maalamu ezwi ekukurumidza usati waenzanisa mamodheru kana zvitupa.
• Usavimba newattage chete; tanga nekutarisa kukosha kwesimba remagetsi, SPL yakanyanya, impedance, dispersion, frequency response, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
• Verenga SPL padaro chairo revateereri nekuti ruzha rwekunze runowanzo derera ne6 dB pese panosvika daro rinopetwa kaviri.
• Dhizaini yekunzwisisika kwekutaura nekuona kuti ruzha rwunotumirwa runowanzova 10 kusvika 15 dB pamusoro pepasi peruzha rwemhepo.
• Sarudza michina inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze, inodzivirira ngura, kana kuti inodzivirira kuputika kana yaiswa pamvura, guruva, munyu, tembiricha yakanyanya, kana magasi ane njodzi.
• Shandisa masipika akawanda akakodzera kana zvichidikanwa pane kumanikidza sipika imwe chete yakakura kuti ifukidze nzvimbo yese yekunze.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndeipi chikanganiso chinonyanya kuitika pakusarudza sipika yehoni yekunze?

Chikanganiso chinowanzoitika ndechekusarudza nekushandisa wattage chete. Kunzwa, SPL iri kure nevateereri, kona yekufukidza, ruzha rwemhepo, chiyero chemamiriro ekunze, uye zvitupa zvinodiwa zvinonyanya kukosha pakunzwisisa uye kugara kwenguva refu kwenyika chaiyo.

Chinorira chekunze chinofanira kuva neruzha rwakadini kuti chinzwike zvakajeka?

Pamashoko ekuteerera anonzwisisika kana emergency, speaker output munzeve yemuteereri inofanira kunge iri 10 kusvika 15 dB pamusoro pehuwandu hweruzha rwuripo. Nzvimbo yeindasitiri ye85 dBA ingangoda kanenge 95 dBA panzvimbo yekuteerera.

Sei daro remutauri richikosha mukugadzirwa kwePA yekunze?

Mumamiriro ekunze ari panze, SPL inodonha inosvika 6 dB pese panosvika daro remuteereri rinopetwa kaviri. Honi ine 110 dB pamita imwe inogona kuita 86 dB pamita gumi nematanhatu, mhepo, zvipingamupinyi, kana matambudziko ekuisa mimhanzi asati afungwa.

Matauri epanze akakodzera here kushandiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzemaindasitiri?

Zvinogona kuvapo, asi chete kana zvakatarwa nharaunda. Nzvimbo dzakadai semafuta negesi, migodhi, zvikepe, kana makemikari dzinogona kuda michina yekutaurirana yakasimba, inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze, kana kuti isingaputike ine zvitupa zvakakodzera zvakaita seATEX, CE, kana FCC.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvandinofanira kuenzanisa kunze kwekuyera simba?

Enzanisa kunzwisisika, SPL yakanyanya, impedance kana transformer taps, mhinduro yefrequency yekutaura, angle yekupararira, dziviriro yeIP/mamiriro ekunze, kuramba ngura, tembiricha yekushanda, hardware yekumisikidza, uye kutevedzera chero PA kana mwero wekuchengetedza hupenyu.